having Ruin is just a no brainer, you instantly slag a target and most things around it (with Converge), this means phaselock is instadeath for anything it picks up (Wreck and Reaper are acting too), it’s just, well you were attacking me but now you’re not and also you’re dead and you produce healing orbs for me plus (depending on your spec) i get a shield recharge and reload speed buff from Inertia …in NVHM or TVHM, whatever, but you want Ruin at UVHM on your first go through. Your surviveability comes from Sweet Release, so you want to be all phaselocking all the time, in between you can look for cover, use slag grenades or singularity grenades to pull enemies off you or group them for the next phaselock/converge, or just run around dodging quickly (and/or shooting things). Accerlerate isn’t a huge boost and doesn’t work well with all guns (though to be fair, it works fine with most), I’d rather have the extra shields from Ward.
With Wreck, you can pick up a smaller target, slag (or have already slagged ideally) a non phaselockable target and then the Wreck bonus is still active if you don’t kill the smaller target and the phaselock stay sup. You can’t pull off this move all the time, but it can help against things you can’t pick up.
Your gear matters a lot too, you want decent on level as soon as possible. Only a few pieces of gear will last beyond 5 levels at this point and that’s stretching it with some. Don’t worry about farming much specific, just hop from a few things decent as you’ll outlevel anything really good anyway. I like Shotguns a great deal with Maya as there’s several good options outside of the legendaries…there’s the top gear threads on the forums for gear that works well with certain characters, but you it’s more just finding one or two pieces you can get easily enough to play the game a little more smoothly… how far are you in the main story?
For your shields, I like Adaptive shields for non bandit areas and Absorb or Adaptive shields for bandit areas… A bee shield is useful for health tank bosses despite it’s inherent cheese. It’s an easy farm as you have the DLC’s, so it doesn’t matter if you’re at that part of the story yet.
edit: Realized that playstyle advice was fairly generic video game things and not helpful, I try not to get too close to the action with Maya most of the time if I can, I want to keep everything in front of me and I want to have a cover point if necessary to slide behind, most maps allow this to some degree, I’ll use phaselock to group or pull enemies, usually making sure I have space to back up in case of armored pyschos or something like that, I generally have matching element guns for what i’m facing and something hard hitting for FFYL (I don’t know if you’re far enough in the story to get the Badaboom which is the easiest great launcher to farm)…Once you have stronger gear you’ll take enemies down faster and you’ll be up more as a result…